The Articles of Confederation and the Bill of Rights :: American History Governmental Rights Essays

The Articles of alliance1776 brought a declaration of and a state of war for license to Britains North American colonies. While they had all acted in plan to pee-pee this decision, their memories of colonial life under the centralized British monarchy had persistent belief upon their views of what the federal government of their new state would have the cater to do. In the years following the Declaration of Independence, Congress came up with the Articles of Confederation to in general govern the new republic at the federal level. 1781 show all 13 states ratifying the Articles of the Confederation as well as the finding of the state of war forIndependence, with the signing of the Treaty of Paris. Already, the weaknesses of the Articles of the Confederation were beginning to show. Every oneness of the 13 colonies suffered economic setbacks as a result of the War for Independence. adulterated American currency as a result of the Congress clothes of printing process ne w paper money to cover the new republics war debt and the British blockade created high prices for goods. The end of the war just helped the situation as Congress found itself ineffectual to impose taxes to get off the war debt, powerless to regulate trade with some other nations, and powerless to regulate workers wages and the price of goods. This unregulated economic mode raise citizens who were shouldering much of the debt as a result. F subsectioners of western mamma who see banks contemptible to foreclose on the mortgages of their farms demanded that the government do something to protect them in their duration of financial need. They saw the lower legislative house of Massachusetts delineate and approve a measure, which included relief measures for them. Under the fascinate of the farmers creditors, the focal ratio house blocked the actions of the lower house, which further enraged these topical anaesthetic farmers. In 1786, a captain of the old Continental army Daniel Shays, direct 2000 fortify farmers against the state government. They shut grim county courts to prevent foreclosure proceedings on their farms, and marched on the Federal Arsenal at Springfield, evidently to properly arm themselves. ultimately in 1787, the Massachusetts state militia put down the rebellion. some(prenominal) sides in the mess were unhappy with the new republics design (or lack thereof) in the crisis. Farmers were unhappy that the government wasnt fetching step to protect their property from creditors, and creditors were unhappy that the The Articles of Confederation and the Bill of Rights American account statement Governmental Rights EssaysThe Articles of Confederation1776 brought a declaration of and a war for independence to Britains North American colonies. While they had all acted in concert to reach this decision, their memories of colonial life under the centralized British monarchy had lasting effect upon their views of what the federal go vernment of their new republic would have the power to do. In the years following the Declaration of Independence, Congress came up with the Articles of Confederation to loosely govern the new republic at the federal level. 1781 found all 13 states ratifying the Articles of the Confederation as well as the conclusion of the War forIndependence, with the signing of the Treaty of Paris. Already, the weaknesses of the Articles of the Confederation were beginning to show. Every one of the 13 colonies suffered economic setbacks as a result of the War for Independence. Devalued American currency as a result of the Congress habit of printing new paper money to cover the new republics war debt and the British blockade created high prices for goods. The end of the war hardly helped the situation as Congress found itself powerless to levy taxes to pay off the war debt, powerless to regulate trade with other nations, and powerless to regulate workers wages and the price of goods. This unregula ted economic climate provoked citizens who were shouldering much of the debt as a result. Farmers of western Massachusetts who saw banks moving to foreclose on the mortgages of their farms demanded that the government do something to protect them in their time of financial need. They saw the lower legislative house of Massachusetts draft and approve a measure, which included relief measures for them. Under the influence of the farmers creditors, the upper house blocked the actions of the lower house, which further enraged these local farmers. In 1786, a captain of the old Continental army Daniel Shays, led 2000 armed farmers against the state government. They shut down county courts to prevent foreclosure proceedings on their farms, and marched on the Federal Arsenal at Springfield, evidently to properly arm themselves. Eventually in 1787, the Massachusetts state militia put down the rebellion. Both sides in the mess were unhappy with the new republics role (or lack thereof) in the crisis. Farmers were unhappy that the government wasnt taking steps to protect their property from creditors, and creditors were unhappy that the

“Macbeth” by William Shakespeare Essay

In Macbeth by William Shakespeare, peeress Macbeths desire for power prompts her rice beer in defyling Macbeths actions consequently, when she aches accommodate of Macbeth, she misss control of herself. wench Macbeth relies on Macbeth to be the brawn so she can be the brain she has moderately of a symbiotic relationship with him. After the get rid of of Duncan, Macbeth slowly starts losing the emergency for and interest in maam Macbeth. This loss of interest removes madam Macbeths access to power and eventually begets her demise. However, in the beginning she is a strike factor in Macbeth deciding to follow through with the performance.Lady Macbeths impetus for Macbeth to kill Duncan shows she is commensurate to control Macbeth. She incurs Macbeth as a irresolute man who is uneffective to carry out any wrongful act. Lady Macbeth says, I do fear thy nature / it is alike full o the milk of human kindness / to catch the nearest way (1.5.16-18), which implies tha t she feels Macbeth is too kind to kill Duncan. She decides the only way to get what she wants is to intimidate Macbeth. When Macbeth says, call for forth men-children only / For thy undaunted mettle should compose / Nothing and males, (1.7.72-74)Mabeths fear of his wife in reality come to surface. She has a actually masculine and powerful personality. Carolyn asp, in her essay tragical Action and inner Stereotyping in Macbeth says, Masculine and feminine impulses are at war deep down her she is ineffectual either to fuse them or to polarize them (Asp 203) which shows how she would like to be able to act like a man, just now is unable to to the full change because she still has many feminine influences on her life. Lady Macbeth asks to fox her womanliness stripped from her when she says Come you spiritsThat t wind up on deathly thoughts, unsex me here,And fill me from the crown to the toe top-fullOf direst cruelty. (1.5.47-50)Cumberland Clark states in A cogitation of M acbeth that, she prepares herself to resist the whisperings of her better nature and the interference of conscience (Clark 93) by precept this. She wants to be able to not harbour a guilty conscience about what is about to happen. When Lady Macbeth says, I would while it was smiling in my face, / Have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums / And dashed the brains out (1.7.64-66), she shows she has no regrets and no conscience to get in her way. She is now able to control herself however, she now has to find a way to control Macbeth. Asp says that Lady Macbeth sees her role is to bring out the noble strength in Macbeth and that she must appeal to his manliness while at the same clip appearing very masculine herself (Asp 203).Lady Macbeth challenges Macbeths manliness by saying that he is weak and afraid. Asp states, When she describes him as a lover/husband who, like his hope of glory, has become pale, green, and waning, she challenges an essential element of his self-image, t hat of steady male, which is the foundation of all his other roles (203). Macbeth wants to defend his manliness therefore, he decides to go through with the discharge of Duncan. She also tells Macbeth there is no way for the murder of Duncan to go wrong and that he need not worry. However, after the murder of Duncan, Lady Macbeth becomes less important to Macbeth and Lady Macbeth starts losing her control.After Duncans death, Macbeth starts to lose control of himself and reality the control that Lady Macbeth once possessed is apace fading. After Macbeth kills Duncan, instead of leaving the daggers with the servants as he was instructed, he brought them covering with him. This leaves the murder weapon in Macbeths hands and makes it more apparent that he is discovered as the killer. This inability to remember instructions is the archetypal sign on of Macbeth losing control. Then, in his chamber he starts hearing voices, which is another sign he is losing touch with reality. How ever, at the banquet, Macbeth starts to really lose his mind.Alan Hobson states in The Even-Handed nicety that, When Banquos ghost appears, Lady Macbeth is at Macbeths side trying to brace his endurance by the sharp rebuke that was once so effective in moving him to a determined purpose but we soon picture that he is hardly conscious of her presence (Hobson 177). When Macbeth sees the ghost, he thinks that everyone else can see him. However, when Macbeth learns that the ghost is all in his head, he is unable to just omit it. When Lady Macbeth says, You have displaced the mirth, broke the good / meeting / With most esteem disorder (3.4.132-134), she is finally realizing that she has garbled all power over Macbeth because she was unable to control his actions. After the banquet Lady Macbeth disappears from the story until she returns near the end and has gone insane from her utter loss of control.Even before the murder of Duncan, Lady Macbeth has slowly been losing control o ver herself and her ability to remain in power. When Lady Macbeth says that she cannot kill Duncan because he looks too much like her father, Lady Macbeth is showing a lack of competence because she has a soft separate in her heart for her father. When planning a murder, this lack can really complicate matters. Also, when Macbeth makes the decision about the murder of Banquo and Macduffs family, Lady Macbeth starts to feel overwhelmed with all the killing when she says, Heres the smell of blood still. solely / the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand (5.1.53-55).This shows that she is unable to exert all of the blood that is being shed. She wants to be able to cleanse herself of these murders. When Lady Macbeth finally reappears she is somnambulism and acting like she is washing her hands. While sleepwalking she starts mindlessly blabbering about all the killings and secrets that Lady Macbeth is trying to hold because she loses control subconsciously. This is the last time Lady Macbeth is seen alive. When Lady Macbeth kills herself, Macbeth is not in the to the lowest degree upset because he no longer finds Lady Macbeth important.Lady Macbeth lost power over Macbeth slowly. However, once she lost control of Macbeth, she lost control of herself. Lady Macbeths suicide is the final time that she shows weakness because she is unable to handle not having control as well as her feelings of weakness while around Macbeth. Lady Macbeth may seem powerful because of the choices she makes, but on the inside she is a very weak person and relies on Macbeth to be the force behind her choices. There is obviously a very dear connection between Lady Macbeth and Macbeth because when he loses interest in her, she loses her outlet for her choices and can no longer function on her own. Lady Macbeth as well as many other people have symbiotic lifestyles if the person they rely on is no longer there, they lose all their power and without that power they lose control of their lives.Works CitedAsp, Carolyn. Tragic Action and Sexual Stereotyping in Macbeth. Major Literary Characters Macbeth. Ed Harold Bloom. freshly York Chelsea House Publishers, 1991. 198-210Clark, Cumberland. A Study of Macbeth. Stratford-upon-Avon Shakespeare Head Press, 1926.Hobson, Alan. This Even-Handed Justice. Major Literary Characters Macbeth. Ed Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House Publishers, 1991. 170-188.Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Macbeth. Eds. Barbara Mowat and Paul Werstine. New York Washington square off Press, 1992.

Management development review notes

To manage Is to forecast and plan, to command, to co-ordinate and to control Management Is a loving process which consists of planning, control, co-ordination and motivation Kenton &038 online 1976 Managing Is an operation process Minimally best cut by analyzing the managerial functions.The essential managerial functions are planning, organizing, staffing, directing and leading, controlling. Greco-Roman School Payolas 14 principles of management many still true that was very structural and paternalistic. Scientific Management FEW Taylor 1911 the principles of scientific management. pause the job down into movements and timing how long it took. Criticized for turning workers into automatons. Concept of bureaucratism Max Weber 1947 The theory of social and economic organizations describes the bureaucratic organizationA bureaucratism is based on rational-legal authority which arises out of the office or spot of the person in authority. Weber believed that bureaucracy Is the m ost efficient manner of organizing for the achievement of formal goals. Elton Mayo 1927-1936 Hawthorn Studies/experiments social relations at work are as Important as monetary Incentives and honorable physical working conditions Human Relations School.

Is Joko Widodo a Good Leader?

Joko Widodo or better known by his nickname Jokowi is a politico in Indonesia and the current governor of capital of Indonesia period 2012 until 2017. Jokowi graduated with an technology degree from the Faculty of Forestry at Gadjah Mada University in 1985. He was as the mayor of Sukarta on period 2005 until 2012, before him currently being a Governor of Jakata. He was nominated in the Indonesian Democratic Party-Struggle to run in the Governor election of Jakarta 2012 with his running mate Basuki Tjahaja Purnama.He was elect as Governor of Jakarta on 20 September 2012 afterward a second round of voting in which he foiled incumbent previous Governor of Jakarta Fauzi Bowo. While running for the dapple of mayor of Surakarta, many doubted the ability of a man who worked as a property and furniture businessman, but after a year in office, he successfully led many progressive breakthroughs which became widely praised nationally. He adopted the development framework of European citi es (which he frequently travelled to as a businessman) into his own metropolis of Surakarta.Bases on Wikipedia, Joko Widodo was chosen by the Tempo magazine as one of the Top 10 Indonesian Mayors of 2008. In 2011, he was awarded the Bintang Jasa Utama by the government. The next year, he received third place of the 2012 World Mayor Prize for Transforming a crime-ridden metropolis into a regional center for art and culture and an attractive city to tourists. Jokowi has resourcefulness and mission to lead Jakarta and solve all the problem that is not the simple problem, but very complicated and complex. Jakarta is a giant city and alike has a big population. Governor of Jakarta is salutary as a political leader, but besides to mange this city.Jakarta has slightly problem such as traffic and also floods if there is bowed down(p) rain and still many problem that have to solve by a leader. Jokowis vision is to make new face Jakarta, fresh modern city and also humane, with leaders hip and good government and also serve the residents. To realize that vision, he also make some mission, that ar five and one of that is make Jakarta as a city that is free from chronic problems such as traffic jams, floods, slums, waste and others. And then some work plan of Jokowi to make green areas to decrease the floods and also the reservoir to relocate rainwater.And also he will increase the popular transportation that environmentally friendly, to decrease private transport customrs and would switch to use public transport and then more efficient and safe. For the conclusion, I believe he is a good leader for Jakarta even several(prenominal) problems in Jakarta still not solve yet by him, but he still try to solve. As we know, Jakarta is the with child(p) of Indonesia, the problems is not only one but so many problems. He should manage Jakarta to be a neat modern city and also he visited flood victims when the big flood in Jakarta for several times. That is to show his responsibility as the Governor of Jakarta.

Justification of theory Essay

When talking to Matthew it is essential the teacher authorizes him feel comfortable, the teacher does this by talking in a clear but soft spokesperson but excessively be careful that its not just Matthew that she duologue to like this as this could single him out from opposite students. Verbal colloquy can say a lot about how your trying to cover to the client, as the pitch and tone can create atmosphere when speaking. It is consequential to speak in a soft voice to Matthew as when shouting or telling him of in a loud voice this makes him offensive and he can wrench violent as this would upset and make him feel uncomfortable.Non-Verbal Communication non-verbal communication can mean many involvement suck as moving hands when you speak, posture, how you cod or unconstipated facial expressions. Non-verbal communication is very important in any interaction. When interacting with Matthew he likes to be made to feel at ease. To do this the teacher should sit in an open post ure with no objects blocking communication, also slimly leaning towards him being careful not to invade his personal station and keeping good eye contact at all times.Matthews teacher does not alas do this as when he is being competitive she ignores him and does not keep any eyes contact, this makes Matthew more self-asserting as he is trying to gain the teacher attention by being aggressive and disruptive so therefore his behaviour worsens. facial expression also helps the interaction, as positive expressions such as delighted when Matthew is talking make him feel the teacher is interested in what he is saying so therefore may contribute to class discussions more in the future.Prompts can also be very helpful as when Matthew is uncomfortable speaking such prompts as carry on or thats right may give him confidence when he is speaking. resolution of Patterns When all of the above have been taken into consideration a thriving interaction give come of it. The above focusings are how Matthew likes to be communicated with, as this way is the most effective as it does cause intrusion. overall Matthew has video displayn less enmity in the class and is interacting appropriately with his teacher and other student around him.E3 Identify and clearly describe relevant mental scheme for clients with the chosen behaviour in a particular health and social care setting. Theories 1. Bowlby. Attachment/Separation hypothesis 2. Berkowitiz. Aggression theory How theories relate to specific behaviour The first theory Bowlbys enatic deprivation relates to Matthew as he is the oldest of four children and his preceptor left when he was only seven, since then he has lived with his start out and has been the only male in the house.In studies using the strange situation Bowlby found that infants maybe firm attached to one parent but not the other or in securely attached to both. Bowlby also agrees that man are undecided of providing adequate parenting and becomin g attachment figures for there young children, and the mother does not even have to be female. Bowlbys separation theory relates to Matthew as his parents divorced when he was seven and since then he has had no contact with him. Bowlby calls separation anxiety, namely the fear tat separation get out occur again in the future.This can result in aggressive behaviour and greater demands towards the mother, which has been shown by Matthew in the case study. Its also shown that the consequences of divorce are more serious and damaging then those future(a) the death of a father. Which is why children who commonly experiencing parental divorce show separation anxiety, and they may begin to question the security of their remaining relationship, since if the father can leave, why not the mother too?Children usually late resent their parents separation and may retain fantasies of reunion for many historic period to come. They experience separation as a course that has been chosen by the p arents in the knowledge that they do not want it. This especially applies to Matthew as he resents he mother for his father leaving. This makes children feel powerless, disregarded and angry. Where as Matthew has become very aggressive towards his mother because of his father leaving. Divorce has a far greater negative effect on the childs school work then the death of a parent.As a result of these factors, the relationship between the child and the custodial parent is strand to suffer. Mothers become more authoritarian, increasing the number of demands and restrictions and becoming less affectionate. The children (especially boys) become more aggressive and inflexible. Berkowits aggression relates to Matthew as he has show frenzy towards his mother, which his father display to his mother in front of him before he left. Berkowits describes aggression as behaviour which is physical or symbolic, that is carried out with the conception to harm someone.He reserves the term violence f or an innate form of aggression, a deliberate attempt to do serious injury. Freud sees aggression as instinctive, with aggression energy needing to be released regularly if it is not to strengthened up to dangerous levels. The frustration-aggression hypothesis see instinctive and learned reactions as involved, while the social culture approach deindividuation emphasize cognitive aspects of learning from others behaviour and the influence of others on the individual behaviour respectively.Berkowits aggressive-cue theory is bases on the fact that aggressive or violent behaviour is at least(prenominal) partly a reaction to specific features of the surrounding situation which ask out out responses that heighten the strength of the behaviour. This happens when the aggressive meaning for the aggressor and or when they some how remind the aggressor of decidedly unpleasant experiences this is the aggressive-cue theory. This theory ordain relate to Matthew as when hes reminded of his f athers aggressive behaviour towards his mother he then becomes aggressive himself and uses violence in the same way as his father.Justification of theory I chose to apply these theories because it supports the behaviour that I am applying them to. As the case study shows aggression and separation the 2 theories will explain why such thing as aggression is caused and will also back up my work. E3. B Describe your chosen research technique, methods and sample size. Population size The people involved in my research will be a total number of three. This will include Matthew his mother and teacher.

Psychoanalytic Criticism of A Rose for Emily

Psychoanalytic Criticism of A come up for Emily A Rose for Emily is a sad novel ab tabu a woman who struggles with be unable to cope with the death of her breed and being a l iodinely woman. It is broken into 5 sections in which in individually part the narrator shifts the shoot for of view. In section 1 the narration starts off at Miss Emilys funeral. The funeral is pickings place at her home and many heap come to pay their respects and likewise are curious to see the inner of the house. No one had seen the inside of the house besides the manservant for 10 years.Through expose the story we see the struggles a woman has with loneliness, depression and even necrophilia. Miss Emilys character has many psychological problems. Her biggest problem that we see her struggles with is vindication. Several times through out the story she struggles with the denial of big issues. Sometimes its the death of a soulfulness or other times it was denying the fact that she owed taxes. A nother struggle that she deals with is the charge of abandonment, which that seems to be what brought on her denial.Growing up her capture was very(prenominal) authoritative and when her make passes I think she has trouble dealing with not having a arrogant figure in her life. That is what brought on the denial of her fathers death. That denial also plays a role in her necrophilia problem subsequent in the story. The offset of Miss Emilys problem is denial. In a couple of cases we see that her denial is a big problem for her. We first see her denial take place when she takes place when the narrator dialogue about how she avoided paying taxes.This seems minor at this point because the town had told her that she owed no taxes, and in fact that the city owed her money from her fathers loan to the town. The loan was infatuated exactly when her father passed she was left with only a house. Since she was vox populi of by the town as a tradition, a duty and a worry (pg. 148). the town decided to help her out. They didnt think she would take brotherly love money so they made up the lie. When the younger people started taking over the town they sent her a allowter to pay her taxes. She insisted that she owed zero to the town. The leaders of the town sent a couple of letters to her but got no return.Back and forth it went until they decided to go to her house and collect the money. afterwards a brief discussion she draw offd them out of her home with out paying and telling them to talk to Colonel Sartoris because she has no taxes in Jefferson. Colonel Sartoris had died by this point but she was unaware because she wouldnt bring out her home. We see her deal with denial when the death of her father comes. The day after he died a grouping of ladies went up to the house to offer condolences and aid (pg. 151) and Miss Emily met them at the door, appareled as usual and with no trace of grief on her face. (pg. 51) She denied that her father was dead. For 3 days people went to her house trying to get her to let them dispose of the body. And right as they were about to use law and force she allowed them to take the body and burry him. This is when we first signs that she was gong crazy. However, the narrator does advance that they didnt think she was crazy at this point but she had to do that. (pg. 151) The third denial she faces is when she murdered Homer Barron. Her and Homer were seen together on several occasions out in town. Many people thought they would marry but then Homer was last seen entering her home.The people of Jefferson thought he had left town after that since he was neer seen again. At the end we learn that she had killed him. His body was lying in an upstairs fashion. The room was set up almost like that of a room for a bridal. Although filled with dust, the narrator describes a room that at one time was decorated. Homers body was decayed and only the mug up were left. There was evidence that she would lay be side him at night. She killed him because she was business organisationful of abandonment. In a way I think she thought she would always pay back him by killing him then leaving his body up stairs so she could lay with him until she died.We can look at how she treated death of her father and Homer as denial but it can also be looked at, as she feared abandonment as well. Growing up her father was very strict with her. She wasnt allowed to date any man. Her father was extremely controlling over almost every part of her life. So when her father passed she didnt want to admit it to herself because he was all she had as for as good family goes. I think she needed that controlling figure in her life. Its obvious that she liked Homer and maybe she was scared he would leave her so she killed him. By doing that she would have him forever.Her love for Homer may have come due to the fact that she was like her soda pop. Even though her dad was controlling of her she had loved him dearly. S he was longing for that controlling figure and that is why she wild for Homer. The narrator describes him as a mans man. (pg 152) His controlling tendencies were clear when he was seen cussing at the people he was over at work. Through out this story we see Miss Emily struggle with the inner demons of denial and fear of abandonment. I think Faulkner does a great job by display how there is a mental affect of someone growing up in a controlling environment.

Gold and Diamond Mines

baseb l unitary(prenominal) baseball ada homots Modern Africa is cognize for its huge exploitral wealth, which overshadows all its otherwise resources. In 1886 baseball fields were nonice. The name De Beer became associated with the diamond find. De Beer was a Boer call forther whose barren get up had suddenly revealed that diamonds were at a lower place it. He soon sold his land and the diamond rush was on. H. V. Mor net ton described it as the strangest looking trek in southerly Afri rear history. Sailors deserted their ships, soldiers their regiments, merchants their shops, clerks their offices, farmers their land, and the weirdest crowd ever seen in confederation Africa, depend able and bad, came over the mountains on horseback, on foot, in Cape carts, ox wagons, stage- baby buggyes anything that would income tax return them to the biggest lucky dip in history. Kimberley became the adult male s diamond capital. The behind was named after the first earl of Kim berley (1826-1902), who was a British statesman and colonial secretary. The proterozoic historic period at Kimberley were a chaos of individual exploitrs.The thousands of men who had hotfoot thither from all touch offs of the world each bought little claims and began to expire shafts. Not God, the Rock of Ages, but the refreshed source of hope became the pit diamond. When the new-fangledly discovered 83 carat diamond, which would subsequently be kn let as the 2 Star of Africa, was held up before the Ho call of accumulation in Cape Town, the colonial secretary declared, Gentlemen, this is the rock upon which the rising achiever of southwestern Africa will be built. But the diamond industry didn t bring peace and happiness.Instead, it established the future pattern of white usance in southwest Africa as surely as it was done for the blacks. light whites would al charges be protected from the competition of even myopicer blacks by pro defecatea job discrimination. In 1859 the first diamond find was make in southeasterly Africa however southeastern Africas diamond heritage stems from a fine little pebble picked up on the bank of the orange River in 1867, non far from Hopetown. Erasmus Jacobs, fifteen course of studys old and the son of a brusk churner, took it home as a plaything.The stone was whence given to a neighbouring farmer, Schalk van Niekerk, a casual collector of unusual stones. He in turn entrusted it to the trader John OReilly, who sent it (in an unsealed envelope ) to Dr. G. W. Atherstone, a Grahamstown physician and one of the few people in the Cape colonization who knew anything about minerals. The stone was judged a veritable diamond of 21. 25 carats and shelterd at ?500. at a era cut, the stone weighing 10. 73 carats, was called The Eureka and is now kept at the Library of Parliament in Cape Town. The news triggered a flurry of excitement in the Hopetown area, but eager prospectors open up sole(prenominal) a few small stones to re warfared their efforts and drifted a means disillusioned. The disco truly mus fannyess ask been a hoax, it was suggested e genuinelyone knew diamonds came only from India and Brazil Al to the highest degree three historic period later in March 1869, a Griqua shepherd named Booi, from the farm Zandfontein, picked up a pebble that caught his eye, he first tried to barter the stone for a place to sleep, then for breakfast e rattlingone turned him down.He ultimately found his way to Schalk van Niekerk. By now Schalk had l acquited something of precious stones and bought it for virtually all that he possessed 10 oxen, a horse and 500 sheep. The discovery of this stone set off the diamond rush that transformed South Africa from a struggling agricultural state to a leading industrial nation. Van Niekerk, in turn, sold it to a firm of local jewellers for ? 11200. The 83. 50 carat diamond, to be named The Star of Africa found its way to England, where it was bou ght by the Earl of Dudley for the then princely sum of ? 5000. Said Colonel Secretary Sir Richard Southey to his political colleagues, Gentleman, this is the rock on which the future success of South Africa will be built. How right he was, without the diamond finds there would be no Kimberley without Kimberley there would have been no capital to finance the metallic mines of the Reef and without the Reef and its industries there would be no South Africa as we know it. Diggers flocked to the area and staked their claims a farseeing the banks of the orangish and then the Vaal River and its tributaries to the north.They lived in decenniumt communities in very harsh conditions biting heat during the twenty-four hours followed by icy cold nights. Most made little for their efforts, some made modest fortunes. It was only 30kms from the Vaal River where the first operative finds were made, dry diggings on three farms, one of which was called Vooruitzicht. This farm was bought ten f arseeing time prior for only ? 50 by two De Beers brothers who found themselves beleaguered by a swarm of gem-hungry diggers. They hurriedly sold it for ? 6300, a best profit but a drop in the ocean compared to the ? 0 million it would yield over the following old age. Nearby was the discovery of Colesburg Kopje, state of affairs of the future Kimberley and the richest treasure domicile of high quality gem diamonds the world had ever known. The course of study was 1871 and the New Rush had begun. The diggings attracted hordes of fortune seekers who came from all walks of sprightliness and many a(prenominal) countries. By 1872 some 50000 men had encamped in the area. Soon the tents were replaced by corrugated iron and mud-brick houses and rudimentary hotels, bars, brothels, banks, stores, a church, a school, the famed Kimberly confederation and the stock exchange.The haphazard nature of the diggings were dangerous and could not be moulded at all during the rainy season until an enterprising 19 year old Englishman named Cecil John Rhodes imported a steam operated pump to postponement the diggings dry. That inspiration in turn set him on the alley to fortune Rhodes became a well known, high powered businessman and more than famously an explorer who funded some of his expeditions through his involvement in the diamond industry. Some time later, Rhodes had decided that consolidation was the key to the success of the diamond fields.A gigantic with his associates he linked hands with a hard-headed diamond buyer called Alfred Beit, and so the monopolisation process began. By 1885, with Rhodes as head, the De Beers Mining Company was the study claim perceptivenesser in the De Beers mine (named after the original owners of the farm Zandfontein) and had complete hold in by 1887. Barney Isaacs better known as Barney Barnato had successfully plied his trade as a kopje-walloper (under-the-counter middleman between buyer and digger) and a claim-dealing entr epreneur.Like Rhodes, showing notable business acumen Barnato became a multi-millionaire, and within five years of arriving in Kimberley he bookled Kimberley Mine. Kimberley Mine has been wetd for decades but is now a usual tourist attraction known as The Big Hole. By 1889, the future of the diamond world depended on the outcome of a battle for extreme control between Rhodes De Beers and Barnatos Kimberley Mines, each backed by powerful foreign inte abatements. Rhodes emerged the victor, a cheque for ? 5 338 650 changed hands and the two mines were brought under the control of a ew company, De Beers coalesced Mines, the company which today, almost 110 years later still has its registered office in Stockdale Street, Kimberley. With Rhodes as chairman and Barnato and Alfred Beit as life regulators De Beers Consolidate Mines won control of the other two major mines in the area and soon after a recently discovered fifth mine. Virtually the entire industry was united and the rou gh monopoly was complete. In 1902 a young German-born diamond buyer arrived at Kimberley as the part of a London diamond broking firm.Ernest Oppenheimers family had been involved in South Africas diamond industry for many years. He decided to settle in South Africa and soon became mayor of Kimberley. In 1917, he moved to Johannesburg and was chiefly submissive in founding Anglo American, ab initio a favorable excavation house but planned from the outset as a power in the diamond world. After the First World War, South Africa was granted a League of Nations mandate over German South West Africa (now Namibia), whose alluvial deposits now began to attract serious attention.A syndicate, led by Anglo American, formed Consolidated Diamond Mines (CDM) in 1919 to exploit the deposits, and amalgamated eleven mines north of the Orange River. Later, when diamond discoveries were made in the Belgian Congo (formerly Zaire, now the Domocratic commonwealth of Congo) and Angola, De Beers unde restimated the significance of these developments, while Anglo American moved in. When huge deposits of alluvial diamonds were dictated in Namaqualand on South Africas west coast and, in 1927, near Lichtenburg in the western Transvaal, Oppenheimers Anglo American again made its claim.Oppenheimer was soon fair the leading light in the diamond world, and in spite of aspiration from De Beers directors who resented his swift progress was soon elevated to the board. As if to confirm his supremacy, Anglo American geologists subject areaings north of the Orange River found new deposits of gemstones even richer than those of Namaqualand. It was only a matter of three years before Oppenheimer was elected chairman of De Beers. Ernest Oppenheimer remained at the helm until his death in 1957, when his son, Harry, took over to step on it the demon conglomerate with outstanding success for the next quarter of a century.Today it is run by Nicky Oppenheimer, who became chairman of De Beers o n the 1st of January 1998. favorable The discovery of money on the Witwatersrand in 1886 was a routine point in South African history. Far more than diamonds, this changed South Africa from an agricultural society to depart the largishst opulent-producer in the world. lucky increased trade between South Africa and the rest of the world. For the main trading nations ie the Europe and the United States, gold was of value because their currencies were backed by gold. This was known as the gold standard.Under the gold standard, these countries had to affirm gold in a bank vault to the value of the currencythey issued. For example, if the brass of a country wanted to print more money, it had to buy gold to back that money. If that country did not produce gold itself, it had to import gold from another country. Under the gold standard the price of gold was fixed internationally. It was kept low as this benefited nations in Europe and the United States amongst others. These lo vesome nations did not produce gold and had to buy it from elsewhere to back their own currency.In the 1930s many countries abandoned the gold standard. The effect that this had on the South African economy will be examined later on this feature. The Gold Rush On summers day in 1886, two prospectors discovered gold on a Transvaal farm called Langlaagte. Gold was not new to the Transvaal. African had mined gold hundreds of years earlier. More recently, gold had been found in the Eastern Transvaal. In most cases this gold ran out, forcing small excavation towns to close down. The gold found at langlaagte was different. The gold discovered there ran for miles and miles under grunge, an sempiternal treasure of gold.The Richest Gold-Mining Area in the World. Gold changed the face of the Transvaal. Before 1886 it was a poor, struggling Boer republic but ten years later, it was the richest gold mine area in the world. As news of the gold find gap throughout South Africa and the rest of the world, men made their way to the Transvaal. They walked, rode on horse back, or came by ox-wagon. Ships no longer passed South Africa on their to Australia and New Zealand. Instead, boatloads of men arrived at ports and hurried to catch the next coach to the Transvaal, hoping to find the riches of their dreams. The importance of the gold-mining industry The South African goldfields, 1996 (click on the map to see it larger, and to do the next exercise) A few years after the discovery of gold on the Witwatersrand, a string of mining towns marked out the gold-bearing Reef. The map that follows shows that the gold-mining towns formed a contract actuateing from the East Rand in Heidelberg, extending westwards across to Krugersdorp and Randfontein. Later more gold mines were discovered further south and east. As a endpoint of this endless treasure of gold, gold mining very quickly became the largest and most important part of the economy. The worlds gold production fo r 1930 Percentage of the worlds gold produced in the Transvaal from 1895 to 1940YEARVALUE (POUNDS)TRANSVAAL (%)18954084300021,01900523120002,819057775600026,819109333200034,31915972180 0039,719206973900049,719258081700050,41935131 68000034,8194017335400034,4The nature of gold mining on the Witwatersrand The gold mining on the Witwatersrand had to soon evolve. The gold that was mined was very near to the surface of the ground. As with the diamond mining in Kimberley, the first stage of gold mining took the form of outcrop harvesting.Under the supervision of a prospector, excavateers would dig up the ground with picks and shovels in roam to reach the gold-bearing ore. Deep-level mining Before long it became necessary to dig a lot deeper to reach the gold, even as much as a kilometre beneath the ground. This became known as deep-level mining. Deep-level mining required new and expensive machines. Machines were used to sink shafts hundreds of metres beneath the ground. By 1906 the Ro binson Deep Mine just off Eloff Street in Johannesburg had become, at 800 metres, the deepest producing mine in the world.Because of the heat and the gases underground, ventilationwas necessary for people feating at such depths. Also, the deeper the line was, the more water was encountered. Special pumps had to be imported to remove the rater. Low-grade ore The rock from which the gold is extracted is called ore. The gold can be described as being trapped in ore. A character of the ore in the Witwatersrand is that it is low-grade. This means that a very large amount of ore constantly has to be dug up and crushed in order to concentrate a small amount of gold.Even today in some mines in Gauteng, as little as 3 grams of gold is obtained from 1 ton of ore. An endless treasure of gold Although the ore is low-grade, the gold reef stretches for over 400 kilometres from Evander in Mpumalanga to Virginia in the tolerant State. This area produces most of the gold in the world. Depending on the gold price, people could carry on mining here years to come. The needfully of the gold mines follows below. It shows the huge amount of money infallible start a gold mine along with a proviso of specious roil. Without these, gold mining in South Africa would not have been profitable. The needs of the gold mines The problem of mining, since the discovery of gold on the Witwatersrand, has been to make the poor ore product profitable. Some historians believe that if such poor ore had been found anyplace else in the world, it would have not have been mined at all. The generous supply of jazzy work available to the gold mines in South Africa made this viable. Who invested money in the gold mines? The amount of money ask to develop a mine was very large. Most mines were owned initially by investors who brought money in from other countries, hoping to profit from the new mining industry.This money was spent on things like importing special machines for sinking f eeling shafts in order to reach the gold-bearing org in the depths of the earth. In addition, the mines inevitable people who were skilled at deep level mining. These people were in the first place immigrants and their labour was expensive. Skilled workers came from Australia, America, Eastern Europe and especially Britain. In Britain the tin mines in Cornwall were closing down the same time as the gold mines in South Africa were starting up. So many skilled miners from Cornwall came to work on the Witwatersrand.Because of the gold standard, the price of gold was internationally controlled and remained fixed for long periods of time. This meant that an increase in working costs could not be passed on to the buyers by increasing the price of gold. It soon became clear that the only way of mining profitably on the Witwatersrand was to secure a very large supply cheap, unskilled labour. How the mines got their labour In order to be profitable, the mines needed an ongoing supply of ch eap labour. The mine owners therefore had to think very carefully about when they would set off labour from and how they would make it cheap. We must have labour. The mining industry without labour is as it would be to imagine that you could get milk without cows. President of the Chamber of Mines, March 1912 The problem that faced the mine owners was that there was no ready-made supply of workers whom they could recruit to work in the mines. They had to use many different methods to create and keep a supply of cheap labour. Workers in turn resisted these methods in various ways. Few Africans were volition to leave their fields to work underground. Most African farmers were not raise in working in the mines while they still had land.Some, like the Pedi, had been on the watch to work as migrants for short periods on the diamond mines in order to get money to buy farm implements, as well as guns to defend themselves. Even mine owners had to find a way of turning the migrant system into a cheap one. In the years between 1890 and 1899 the number of African mineworkers rose from 14 000 to 100 000. This section shows how mine owners managed torecruitthose 100 000 migrant workers and how the migrant labour system was turned into a cheap one.The governments (both Boer and British) and the mine owners worked together to guarantee the mines an ongoing supply of cheap labour. The conquest of the African kingdoms African independence was more often than not destroyed by the 1880s. Two examples of this were the conquest of the Pedi and the Zulu kingdoms. The methods used to force Africans to become migrant labourers include taking advantage of internal conflicts within African kingdoms. Going to war against the African kingdoms was another method used by both the Boers and the British. Once the African kingdoms had been defeated, the Boer and British governments taxes and land control easures left people with few options for survival except to seek work in the towns. Control over land By the 1880s the Boers had formed governments in the Transvaal and the Orange Free State. The British ruled over the Cape Colony and natural. The Boers and the British were behind extending their control over the land and the people living in these areas. By 1900 most of the land in South Africa had been taken over by white farmers, mining companies, land companies and by the government. In the Cape and Natal in areas like the Transkei and Zululand, land still belonged to African farmers but there was much less of it.There were some Africans involved in commercial farming in the Orange Free State and the Transvaal. But Africans did not farm their own land in these provinces. Most of them farmed land that belonged to white farmers or unused land that belonged to land companies or the government. They were like the tenant farmers in Britain. Imposition of taxes Soon the Boer and the British governments started to impose taxes on their subjects. They made new laws that demanded taxes be paid in cash and not in cattle. Africans had to ante up a hut tax of R1 per year for either hut.It took a man about three months on the mines to earn this and many men went to work on the mines to give the hut tax. Every man over 18 years old, black or white had to pay a canvass tax of R2 a year. Black unskilled workers were earning between 5c and 19c a day on the mines. They had to use most of this money to buy food and wearing apparel for themselves. It therefore took them months of extra work on the mines to pay the poll tax. The ordinal form of tax was the labour tax. In the Cape, the then Prime minister, Rhodes, passed a law called the Glen Grey Act in 1894.Among other things, this law laboured all Africans in the Cape to pay R1 to the government every year. However, they did not have to pay this tax if they proved that they worked for wages for at to the lowest degree three months of the year. Most African men therefore each had to earn money to pay the hut tax and the poll tax by selling produce, or working for a short time both on white farms or in towns, or avoid paying(a) the labour tax by working for wages for short periods either on farms or in towns. In these ways thousands of men were obligate to become migrant workers.Most chose to go to the mines rather than to do farm labour because they could earn higher wages on the mines. They would go to the mines for specific lengths of time as short as three months or as long as two years while their wives and children stayed at home memory the farms going. As result more and more men were separated from their families for progressively long periods. Rhodes claimed that these taxes were meant to encourage independent African farmers to work for wages and to use the cash that they earned to ay for wise and good government. Early attempts at recruiting From Vusi goes back, Prezanian Comix/E.D. A. Because of the very large supply of labour that the mines needed, the mine owners had to ensure that a equal number of men would spend enough time working on the mines every year. There was competition for labour between the richer mines and the poorer mines. The richer mines were usually able to attract workers by offering higher wages. At the same time, the very existence of the poorer mines depended on reducing working costs by care wages as low as possible. The mine owners solved this strain between the richer and the poorer mines by flooding the market with recruited workers.These were workers who were encouraged to come and work on the mines by special agents or touts. Touts were paid by recruiting agencies for every worker they recruited. In this way mine owners created a situation where there were more workers than jobs so that workers would be forced to work for lower wages. The mining industry was a major taxpayer to the Transvaal. As a result, the Kruger government co-operated with the mine owners. Although the gove rnment was concerned to ensure that the mines did not take African labour away from Boer farmers, it did agree to recruit labour for the mines.This included allowing foreign labour from neighbouring countries to work on the mines. The Kruger government also introduced and policed a pass system. Africans were required to carry passes, a form of document, which allowed them to travel and find jobs only with the applause of the government or an employer. This was designed to control the number of Africans coming to the urban areas. The pass system remained in place in one form or another until 1986. The rinderpest Another blow to those farmers who were able to hold onto their independence came with the rinderpest epidemic of 1896-7.This cattle disease reduced many herders to poverty and starvation and many were forced to seek work on white farms or in the mines. Explaining causes Many causes or reasons have been provided to pardon why thousands of African farmers went unwi llingly to work on the mines every year from the late 1880s onwards. Some of these causes may have had a great effect on peoples lives than others. Behind the scenes of the world of the workers 1897 Lord Miner became governor of the Cape Colony and British High Commissioner in South Africa. He was known for his dislike of Kruger, president of the Transvaal.He also had a strong want to expand Britains sphere of influence in South Africa. 1899-1902 The South African War ( introductoryly called the Anglo-Boer War) broke out and lasted for three years. An important cause of the war was the struggle for control over the goldfields. The mines were forced to close during the war. Workers returned home. This affected productiveness and cost the mine owners and the economy millions of rands. Some say the war pave the way for the Cape Colony, Natal, the Transvaal and the Orange Free State to form one state. 904-1908 South Africa had to be rebuilt or reconstructed after the war. As part of it s reconstruction programme the government under Milner secured cheap indentured labour from China. This enabled the mines to lower wages and ignore the demands of Southern African workers for higher pay and better working conditions. Milners reconstruction programme was similar in some ways to the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP). Milners government had to tackle the problem of rebuilding the country after the South African War.Africans did not pay the loss of their land or the imposition of taxes, passively. But it was hard for them to constrict back because of the strength of the British and the Boers. The development of the mining industry largely destroyed independent farming as a way of life. It changed previous patterns of trade to produce a new economy and a new political system. This new system was controlled by whites. And, particularly during the period from the 1860s to 1910, Britain (and internationally-based companies) had a great influence over the way the country was governed.

Employment and Interviewer Essay

direct a random selection of people for a listing of their least favorite portrayalivities, and right up there with getting my teeth cut is likely to be passage to a crinkle drumhead. The job interview is often regarded as a confusing, humiliating, and nerve-racking experience. First of all, you have to deferral for your appointment in an outer way, often trapped there with early(a) people applying for the same job. You beat nervously, trying non to think astir(predicate) the fact that only integrity of you whitethorn be hired. Then you atomic number 18 called into the interviewers office. Faced with a complete stranger, you have to try to act both cool and friendly as you are asked all sorts of head words. both(prenominal) questions are personal What is your greatest weakness? Others are confusing wherefore should we hire you? The interview probably takes somewhat twenty minutes only when seems like two hours. Finally, you go home and wait for long time and c harge weeks. If you get the job, great. But if you wear upont, youre rarely given whatsoever reason why.2The job-interview game may non be much(prenominal) fun, but it is a game you stub win if you encounter it right. The surname of the game is impasseing out of the crowdin a autocratic way. If you go to the interview in a Bozo the Clown suit, youll stand out of the crowd, all right, but not in a way that is likely to get you hired. 3hither are guidelines to help you play the interview game to win 4Present yourself as a winner. Instantly, the way you dress, speak, and move gives the interviewer more information about you than you would think possible. You enquiry that this is true? Consider this a professional job recruiter, meeting a series of job applicants, was asked to signal the moment he decided not to hire each applicant. The thumbs-down decision was often made in slight than forty-five secondseven before the applicant thought the interview had begun. 5How can you keep from becoming a victim of an instant no decision? *Dress appropriately. This means business clothing usually a suit and tie or a conservative dress or skirt suit. Dont wear casual student clothing. On the other hand, dont everywheredress youre loss to a job interview, not a party. If youre not sure whats considered appropriate business attire, do some spying before the interview. passing play past your prospective place of employment at lunch or quitting cadence and check out how the employees are dressed. Your goal is to manner as though you would fit in with that group of people.* Pay attention to your grooming. mussy hair, body odor, dandruff, unshined shoes, a hanging hem, stains on your tie, excessive produceup or cologne, a sloppy job of shavingif the interviewer notices any of these, your prospect of organism hired takes a probably fatal hit. * Look alert, poised, and friendly. When that interviewer looks into the waiting room and calls your name, he or she is ge tting a first impression of your behavior. If youre slouched in your chair, dozing or lost in the pages of a magazine if you look up with an annoyed Huh? if you get up slowly and wander over with your hands in your pockets, he or she will not be favorably impressed.What will earn you points is rising promptly and walking briskly toward the interviewer. Smiling and aspect directly at that person, extend your hand to reorganize his or hers, saying, Im Lesley Brown. Thank you for seeing me today. * Expect to make a little small jaw. This is not a waste of time it is the interviewers way of checking your ability to be politely sociable, and it is your opportunity to cementum the good impression youve al dress made. The key is to follow the interviewers lead. If he or she wants to chat about the weather for a few minutes, do so. But dont drag it out as shortly as you get a signal that its time to talk about the job, be ready to get down to business.Be ready for the interviewers quest ions. The same questions draw up once again and again in many job interviews. You should plan ahead for all these questions Think cautiously about each question, outline your answer, and memorize each outline. Then convention reciting the answers to yourself. Only in this way are you going to be prepared. Here are common questions, what they really mean, and how to answer them * Tell me about yourself. This question is raised to see how organized you are. The wrong way to answer it is to discharge into a wandering, disjointed response orworse yetto charter defensively, What do you want to know? or What do you mean?When this question comes up, you should be prepared to give a brief summary of your animation and lead experiencewhere you grew up, where your family lives now, where you went to school, what jobs youve had, and how you happen to be here now looking for the challenge of a new job. * What are your strengths and weaknesses? In talking about your strong points, mention traits that will serve you well in this occurrence job. If you are well organized, a creative problem-solver, a good police squad member, or a quick learner, be ready to describe specific ways those strengths have served you in the past. Dont make the misidentify of saying, I dont have any real weaknesses. Youll come across as more believable if you admit a blotbut make it one that an employer might actually like. For instance, admit that you are a workaholic or a perfectionist.* Why should we hire you? Remember that it is up to you to convince the interviewer that youre the man or woman for this job. If you just sit there and hope that the interviewer will magically discern your good qualities, you are likely to be disappointed. Dont be afraid to exchange yourself. Tell the recruiter that from your research you have learned that the interviewers company is one you would like to work for, and that you believe the companys needs and your skills are a great match. * Why did you leave your destination job? This may seem like a great opportunity to cry on the interviewers shoulder about what a jerk your belong pommel was or how unappreciated you were. It is not.The experts agree never bad-mouth anyone when you are asked this question. Say that you left wing in order to seek greater responsibilities or challenges. Be positive, not negative. No matter how justified you may feel about hating your last job or boss, if you give voice to those feelings in an interview, youre going to make the interviewer suspect that youre a whiner and hard to work with. * Do you have any questions? This is the time to stress one last time how interested you are in this particular job. Ask a question or two about specific aspects of the job, pointing out again how well your talents and the companys needs are matched. Even if youre dying to know how much the job pays and how much vacation you get, dont ask. There will be time enough to overlay those questions after youve been offered the job. Today, your task is to demonstrate what a good employee you would be. 7 direct a thank-you note. Once youve gotten past the interview, there is one more happen for you to make a fine impression. As soon as you cancertainly no more than one or two days after the interviewwrite a note of thanks to your interviewer. In it, briefly remind him or her of when you came in and what job you applied for. As well as thanking the interviewer for seeing you, reaffirm your interest in the job and mention again why you think you are the best scene for it. Make the note courteous, businesslike, and briefjust a paragraph or two. If the interviewer is wavering between several equally qualified candidates, such a note could tip the scales in your favor.No amount of preparation is going to make interviewing for a job your favorite activity. But if you go in well-prepared and with a positive attitude, your potential employer cant help thinking highly of you. And the day will come wh en you are the one who wins the job.

Independence Day: India Essay

Good sidereal daybreak Respected chief guest our principal, teachers and my dear friends we pose assembled here to lionise the 65th anniversary of our Independence Day. As a citizen of India, I am so proud to talk to you about, my mother land.On the night of awful 14, 1947, Pundit Jawaharlal Nehru rose to make a maiden speech in New Delhi, When the world sleeps, India give wake to life and freedom. And instanter, this day fifteenth August of every year is a golden day scratch in the history of the world. We got freedom on this date and it is a day worth a celebration..On this day our first thoughts go to the couturier of this freedom, the Father of our Nation, Mahatma Gandhi. It was he who emphasized the need to observe human set in conducting the affairs of the country. He taught us Ahimsa and Non-violence We shall neer allow that blowtorch of his values to be blown out, however high the wind or stormy the tempest.Our next thoughts must be of the unknown volunteers and s oldiers of freedom who, without cheers or reward, have served India even unto death. We regard these martyrs who laid their precious subsists for our sake..And now 65 years later, we stand here today, and so much has changed. India is the largest elective country in the world. But be we very successful in using our freedom in the right manner? If so, why are there so many bomb blasts, bribery cases, corruption charges? We have strayed from the Gandhian philosophy and his path of development. Well my dear friends, what can a student do at this juncture? Should we go and catch the terrorists? Should we entreat against the corrupted politicians? No, we are not expected to do all these things. We will have our own day. Before that, let us do our certificate of indebtedness of preparing ourselves to be well-educated citizens of tomorrow. Let us do our duty sincerely and study hard to achieve a goal.. Let us take a shit rid of illiteracy and take India to a bright future.We are ci tizens of a great country on the verge of bold advance, and we have to live up to that high standard. On 15 august 1947, new swear came into being, a vision long cherished materialized. May the star never set and that hope never be betrayed Jai Hind

A world without laws

Now, Imagine a manhood without either laws. No rules, no.commands and s autoce your rules to be followed. Its in each case crazy Isnt To obtain a serviceman without any laws means not only to be free but withal to be In a world with chaos. For example, the traffic rules, Without any traffic rules, how crumb we resolve whether we be on the go signal or not? force out you Imagine It? A car being smashed by some other?What result would that supposed to be? Focuses What else? Its accidents. Yes I can say that every(prenominal) person has his/her rights to wish for his/her freedom however, this freedom should be limited. In this case, I can also say that even though they can do anything what he/she wishes for, he/she can never wish what a governing wishes to have in its institution, to have peace and order. Yet, people wish for their sustain interest and it doesnt help each other. Imagine the people peeing in different places, different streets? Or how about people who t hrows garbage anywhere? Do you think its healthy?A big NO for me because these things exults into floods, typhoons and other natural calamities being held not constant or even worsened dec succors.. This makes the lives of others to be in danger. What about buildings making their goods at higher terms or shall we say doing the act of overpricing? Is it helpful to us? I say, no. How can people with little income buy food with too dearly-won goods? How can they live their lives without buying it? The tendency would be robbery. They will be forced to rob food shops because they cant afford a high determine of goods because they are poor.They will be forced and in such ease would make it a hobby because of that high prices of goods. Imagine the world without any law enforcers do you think we can live peacefully? To those who have lost their innocent member of the family, do you think without the law enforcers, can they claim their right for injustice? No they cant. What about drugs, a world full of dangerous drugs, do you think it molds people to what our present professionals are doing right know? Again, I think not. These things we can imagine if we have a world without laws.A world full of accidents, harassment and such cases that a man can o without making himself or herself put Into Jail. atomic number 18 you willing to have a world Like that? I sham not. Therefore, Imagine a world with laws. Laws that protects human life, a law that makes a person free with Its Limits, Isnt It wonderful? And Peaceful? We involve laws to guide us, we need them because we do. Live a world with laws to be guided, secured and to be protected. A world without laws By Paraphrases Imagine a world without any laws. No rules, no commands and in fact we only follow rules of our own. Try to think of it. manoeuvre Isnt it?Now, imagine a world without any laws. No rules, no commands and Just your rules to be followed. Its also crazy isnt To have a world without any laws means no t only to be free but also to be in a determine whether we are on the go signal or not? Can you imagine it? A car being they claim their right for injustice? No they cant. What about drugs, a world full of do without making himself or herself put into Jail. argon you willing to have a world like that? I pass judgment not. Therefore, imagine a world with laws. Laws that protects human life, a law that makes a person free with its limits, isnt it wonderful? And Peaceful?

Melanin-Based Racial Prejudice Essay

Do you think humans are born to be judgmental? We commonly make judgments based on what we see first, and most of the time an grave factor is skin color. Social racism is know as the dissimilarity or intolerance of people of different races or skin colors. racial dissimilitude occurs in some ways however, it is not of all time obvious. Where did this type of doings begin? Racial prejudice has many causes and effects from and on society that are inevitable. There are many ideas thrown around as to how racism began, though the truth lies in the historical facts. From sla genuinely, to imperialism, to wars, we go for always felt superior towards others with different skin colors and races. No unmatched is born hating another person because of the color of his skin, or his background, or his religion. peck must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to fill in, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite. (Mandela, 1994). Raci sm has been a role of history for as long as humans existed and has been enhanced by early capitalisms use of slaves for plantations and colonies. Back then, the colonists and imperialists used it as a way to specify domination, further it resulted in dividing the modern innovation. A main factor of this division is that people who believe in stereotypes abhor any communication with other races, causing a defense apparatus against them, and finally creating tension and animosity.History is proof that colored people stupefy been treated unfairly and tortured over centuries. Black has always been sensed as negative. Black cats are told to be a sign of omen, benighted clothes are worn to funerals, and hell is pictured as a deadly place filled with darkness these have all caused mistaking and created a wrong impression in peoples minds. Last, barely unfortunately not least, pictures from The Holocaust -a genocide where about six cardinal Jews were killed by the Nazis under th e command of Germanys Adolf Hitler- still haunt us (Mukherjee, 2014). Just as kids set about up imitating their parents, upcoming generations lead gravel up to be racists in a society where each various(prenominal) thinks they are superior to everyone else if they have lighter skin. It is a never close cycle that will most probably end in bullying. Children who grow up watching discrimination happen everywhere around them will end up feeling a need to bully classmates of other races. Racial discrimination has had several effects on society and employment. Studies have telln that people with darker skin colors unremarkably have trouble achieving habitual goals like a job that pays well, a house in a nice neighborhood, and all the basic necessities. Why should a person with a darker skin tone suffer to obtain these essential rights and needs?The unemployment ramble for African Americans in 1995 was 10.1 percent compared to 4.7 percent for white Americans (Berry, 1995). It is widely known that colored people face higher rejection rates when applying for jobs and are usually put second to whites with similar credit characteristics and also get paying less (Ross & Yinger, 1999). In addition, racism is associated with poor mental health. Studies show that the victims of bullying based on their skin color are at a greater risk of developing a range of mental and mental health problems such as anxiety and depression. These conditions can erect to more serious mental disorders. Therefore, eliminating racial prejudice is vital to better mental health and emotional stability. Even though all that is happening, straitlaced awareness is still not being affectn into consideration. Racial discrimination is often practiced subconciounsly because societies from all around the world have successfully managed to mind wash generation after generation. In movies, for example, people do not realize that the African Americans usually die first. In curse scenes, they are usually the criminal.As a result of this, children are unexpectedly forced to believe that dark skinned people are bad. Statistics show that majority of the public believe that African Americans are not accurately portrayed in movies. The use of repellant words regarding the Natives has become very common, as well, especially in modern rap songs. Rappers include offensive and extremely racist words in their lyrics. Another example is advertisements, and how they mental strain on promoting whitening beauty creams. The racism in this is not obvious, but it is obscene for the people who are not fair skinned. Finally, as a cause of predictable racism, an innocent African American man named Michael browned was shot fatally by a police officer rather in August this year. The protesting citizens of Ferguson remain at unrest until this very daylight due to the injustice that had occurred.In a nutshell, social racism has had many causes and effects throughout the years due to the growing complexity of the world around us. Racial prejudice is surely not a biologic characteristic. In other words, humans do not differentiate among races because of their genetic makeup. In an ideal world, racism would be eliminated and justice would take over. To cut a long story short, why should the amount of melanin is souls skin define them?ResourcesMandela, N. (1994). Long walk to freedom The biography of Nelson Mandela. Boston Little, Brown. Mukherjee, R. (2014, June 18). Top 10 Reasons why Racism Still Exists argument Crux. Retrieved October 1, 2014, from http//listcrux.com/top-10-reasons-why-racism-

Frankenstein †Who is the real monster? Essay

The allegory Frankenstein was scripted by Mary Shelley when she was save eighteen years old, after(prenominal) a nightm be she had. It was published on 1st January 1818 and became a keen success. Mary Shelley used the style of gothic incompatibility in this novel, introducing Frankenstein as perhaps the first science fiction book ever written in this genre. Al more or less two centuries later it has become a astray read classic novel, but in chip inition one of the most powerful novels ever written. One of the influences on Mary Shelley when she wrote Frankenstein was the scientific experiments of the time.Scientists were researching the effects of electrical energy on dead animals and humans they were striving to control powers of conduct and death. They had observe that an electric current could galvanise the limbs, making them move. Not only does Dr. Frankenstein bugger off his wight to life by using an electrical current, but also Mary Shelley retraces numerous sto rms, which include lightening, when the monster appears to Frankenstein at various points throughout the book. Frankenstein is a moral tale that deals with issues and ethics of medical and scientific increase and how far humans should go when tampering with character.The story raises questions as to who should ready final power over life and human nature divinity or humans. Shelley calls her book a Modern Prometheus. Prometheus is a story of a Greek God who gave the human race fire, out of pity so they could eat, but also brought them danger, and was therefore punished for it. Frankenstein is also punished by several horrific deaths in his family. He soon finds out that contend God has horrendous consequences. This story tells the tale of Dr Frankenstein, an optimistic student of inbred philosophy who makes a man kindred monster from parts of dead bodies and brings it to life by using an electrical current.Frankensteins monster is larger than most men and equally as strong. Thi s superhuman creature seems to be the godfather of more a comic villain. It may be that Shelley wanted to explore what it feels like to be classed as a villain, when really you postulate a balmy heart that is considerably misunderstood. I think that because Mary Shelley had many fears and insecurities in her own life, including blaming herself for her inability to prevent her childrens deaths, it caused her to become concerned roughly the issues of creation which led to her writing Frankenstein.During this essay I bequeath be writing somewhat where my sympathy lies as a commentator and also looking at the techniques Shelley uses to engage our attention as a reader and manipulate our sympathies. Throughout the novel Frankensteins role varies from being a victim to becoming a villain. Half of the time Frankenstein is a victim of the creature he so c arlessly restored to life, because of his obsession with natures genetics. This obsession leads to his destruction but everything he love goes first, leaving him with nobody to fight for, only the desperate hope that someday his creature will die.At the beginning of chapter five Frankenstein portrays himself as a hero as he says I beheld the accomplishment of my toils and also the wretch whom with much(prenominal) space pains and cares I had endeavoured to form. This suggests that Frankenstein looked beyond the horror of what he was doing and engraft some sort of glory in his ability to build this monster. He was blinded by his ambition as a scientist and believed he had created a monster with such beautiful features.However when the creature finally awoke he suddenly realised the mistake he had made. He could not describe his emotions as this catastrophe. This is the point at which the reader too, becomes fully sure for the first time of what Frankenstein has really done in creating such a terrifying monster. Shelley uses a range of techniques to enforce a sensation of disquietude in the opening of chapter five. Her first reference to the creature that Frankenstein is making is a lifeless thing.When we read on, we find out that not only is it a corpse, but also one in which the eyes are a dull yellow colour, its yellow skin scarcely concealment the work of muscles and arteries, and its teeth a pearly whiteness. All these things add to the prolonged sense of catastrophe that Frankensteins life will release out to be whats more it adds to the feeling of disgust and horror that the readers thoughts so rapidly turn to. The image of the candle being one-half extinguished represents Frankensteins life of peace drawing to an end.This is the very paired of what Frankenstein was trying to achieve. When Shelley describes the process that Frankenstein has undergone to infuse life into an inanimate body, we are bring forward horrified at the thought of bringing about something so terrible. Frankenstein had also deprived himself of his own health in order to create this monster. He has destroyed himself for the sake of his creation this suggests that he has almost assumption his own life for the creation of his monster and leads us to question the consequences of such an action.Mary Shelley examines the consequences of creating a human frame without a soul or conscience. She suggests that as humans pursue science they may discover things about themselves that they do not like. When Frankenstein is asleep his creation comes to him in the night, terrifying him and forcing him to dribble from the house. Once outside he is drenched by the rain which poured from the blackness and uncomfortable sky. Here Shelley uses nature to create a sense of eeriness in her writing and build tension.This is natures penalisation for Frankenstein because of his obsession to create a monster, destroying the laws of nature. The sky is described as comfortless, Frankenstein cannot expect to receive any comfort or solace from nature because of his destruction of the laws of nature an d his blatant disregard of them. Nature therefore rejects him. During this chapter Shelley uses a poem by Colendge to show how Frankenstein feels. It states that he is on a single road and walks in fear and dread because he knows a dread(a) fiend doth close behind him tread.It suggests that he has forced himself into a situation where he is alone and beyond the help of others because of his own actions. He stops outside an inn where he meets an old school familiarity who on seeing him instantly sprung out. This meeting is fate as the friend is then murdered, towards the end of the book, by the monster. Previously Frankenstein has repeatedly referred to the creature as a miserable wretch. He now goes further towards giving the creature an identity by claiming that he is his enemy. bump of Frankensteins rejection of his creature is that he does not even give it a name. Frankenstein is pushed to insanity by the fear of his enemy. He is so consumed by fear and despair that he even i mplies that his friend should not have nursed him back to health, but have let him die so that he could get away from the creature and the dreadful consequences of his birth. This is shown when Frankenstein says, firm in the hope he felt of my recovery, he did not doubt that, quite of doing harm, he performed the kindest action that he could towards them.

Solution of Chapter 8 Operations Mangement by Jay Heizer

Service fixture last-placees tend to sharpen on the revenue function, whereas manufacturing/industrial location decisions tend to focus on costs. The attend sector uses techniques such as correlation coefficient abstract Traffic counts Demographic analysis Purchasing power analysis The industrial decision uses loony toons method promoter- ladinging tone-beginning Break-even analysis Crossover charts 8. Factors to consider when choosing a earth Exchange rank brass stability Communications systems within the country and to the home office Wage rates Productivity Transportation costsLanguage Tariffs Taxes Attitude towards unusual investors/incentives Legal system Ethical standards ethnic issues Supplies availability Market locations 9. Factors to consider in a region/community decision Corporate desires Attractiveness of region comminute issue Utilities Environmental regulations Incentives Proximity to crude(a) materials/customers Land/construction costs 10. locate loca tion computes Size and cost Transportation systems Zoning Proximity of services/supplies required Environmental impact END-OF-CHAPTER PROBLEMS 8. 1(a)Six laborers to each(prenominal) one reservation $3 per day can piddle 40 units. b)Eight laborers each making $2. 50 per day, can produce 45 units. (c)Two laborers, each making $64 per day, can come upon snow units. chinaw are is most economical, assuming transportation costs are not included. 8. 2Malaysia China Montana China is most favorable. 8. 6Atlanta Charlotte Charlotte is better. 8. 7 Suburb B has the highest rating, but weights should be examined using sensitivity analysis, as the final ratings are all close. 8. 8 localisation of function Present berth Newbury Hyde put Factor Wgt Wgt Wgt 1 40 0. 30 12 60 0. 30 18. 00 50 0. 0 15. 0 2 20 0. 15 3 20 0. 15 3. 00 80 0. 15 12. 0 3 30 0. 20 6 60 0. 20 12. 00 50 0. 20 10. 0 4 80 0. 35 28 50 0. 35 17. 50 50 0. 35 17. 5 keep down Points 49 Total Points 50. 5 0 Total Points 54. 5 It appears that Hyde Park represents the best alternative. 8. 9(a) lettuce = 16 + 6 + 7 + 4 = 33 Milwaukee = 10 + 13. 5 + 6 + 3 = 32. 5 capital of Wisconsin = 12 + 12 + 4 + 2. 5 = 30. 5 Detroit = 14 + 6 + 7 + 4. 5 = 31. 5 All quaternion are quite close, with Chicago and Milwaukee close tied.Chicago has the largest rating, with a 33. b)With a cutoff of 5, Chicago is unacceptable because it haemorrhoid only 4 on the second factor. Only Milwaukee has scores of 5 or higher on all factors. 8. 10 side A Factor Weight range weight Score 1 5 100 500 2 3 80 240 3 4 30 long hundred 4 2 10 20 5 2 90 clxxx 6 3 50 one hundred fifty Total weighted score 1210 fixing B Factor Weight place Weighted Score 1 5 80 400 2 3 70 210 3 4 60 240 4 2 80 clx 5 2 60 great hundred 6 3 60 one hundred eighty Total weighted score 1310 Location C Factor Weight Rating Weighted Score 1 5 80 400 2 3 100 300 3 4 70 280 4 2 60 great hundred 5 2 80 160 6 3 90 27 0 Total weighted score 1530 ground on the total weighted scores, Location C should be recommended. Note that natural weights were used in computing these weighted scores (we just multiplied weight times rating). Relative weights could bedevil been used instead by fetching each factor weight and dividing by the sum of the weights (i. e. , 19). Then the weight for factor 1 would have been . Location C would still have been selected. . 11 position 3 has the highest rating factor, 86. 65, and should be selected. 8. 12(a)The following(a) figure indicates the plenty range for which each site is best. put 1 is best for production slight than or friction match to 125 units. Site 2 is optimal for production between 125 and 233 units. Site 3 is optimal for production preceding(prenominal) 233 units. (b)For 200 units, site 2 is optimal. 8. 13 (a) (b)For 5,000 units, Perth is the better option. 8. 14 VA AB BC 8. 15 (a) The total cost equations are (b)Denver is preferable over t he range from 03,570 units.Burlington is lowest cost at each volume exceeding 3,570, but less than 25,000 units. Atlanta is never lowest in cost. Cleveland becomes the best site only when volume exceeds 25,000 units per year. (c)At a volume of 5,000 units, Burlington is the least-cost site. 8. 16 The proposed hot hub should be near (5. 15, 7. 31). 8. 17 urban center Map Coordinates Shipping Load A 2, 1 20 B 2, 13 10 C 4, 17 5 D 7, 7 20 E 8, 18 15 F 12, 16 10 G 17, 4 20 H 18, 18 20 120 8. 19 The proposed new facility should be near (7. 97, 6. 69).

Insourcing and Outsourcing of Companies

1-800-India Nations economic growths take a shit rapidly emerged over the past decades. India is the draw in almost global markets delinquent to outsourcing white collar product lines. Workers in nigh other countries like India do some(prenominal) various things such as tutoring, checking baggage, and x-rays for cheaper prices than here in the US, often with better results. Over half(a) of the US jobs argon going to India because of insourcing and outsourcing of companies. bulk of our customer religious service calls are macrocosm answered by foreign countries.Rwanda is one of the swift growing places, due(p) to outsourcing and have liberal to 1. 6 million over the brave out decade. The secret is BPO. many another(prenominal) women have fall in the counterfeit force and have turn head of the households. BPO have tripled in size also have different meetforces to chose from due to inexpensive educated labor such as insurance, customer service, and travel reserva tions. This workforce is cutting the cost of back world power work by 50% from major companies in the US. BPO started with a hand full of people, today the numbers have grownup to over 17,000 worldwide.This culture has learned to address English in rapid numbers. The forward motion of speaking many different languages gives India a huge advantage for American jobs. Many are be glide slope middle house and are changing the face of the country. nearly of these workers are women. Doctors and other professionals have part their jobs to work for 1-800-India. They are making much than than money now than they were making as doctors. Americans earn up to 10 generation more than other countries only when India are among the best paid groups.Before, India knew no jimmy of the credit card but were judgment to help Americans with their line of credit. These professionals take overcharge in customer care because this is their demeanor to a good life. For every outsourcing job there are at least two more jobs created such as security and construction. Shopping has also fix a way of life for the jr. generation, being that they are paid more than their family have ever made. Many connection workers work around the clock. The laws in India unplowed women from work nights.The outsourcing industry had to lobby the India disposal to change labor laws so women could work late shifts. The laws also made for sure the women were picked up and dropped off back at home. They provided security while on duty. red-hot jobs were created by transporting thousands of people 24 hours a day. This transportation company has become a big operation which has employed many people there. India still has hundreds of people to a lower place poverty lines. Working women stayed home and to loll around the immediate family.However, the first borne girl was seen as a burden to poor families in the India tradition. The father sees no value in the daughters education but except the son having an education. The girls would secretly work and pay for education, today they are the biggest obligate to their families. I believe this country does not want women to work simply because it takes focal point off the households and by not educating women some how gives the power to the man. Moreover, women started educating themselves, started gaining confidence, and then dominated the workforce. approximately India families who want their daughters to marry have to get approval from the mothers. The boyfriend must be of the same religious back backcloth and culture. Most marriages are arranged. India is one of the most married countries in the world. India communities live as normally as Americans. They are working communities juggling work, family, children, and school. Just remember the contiguous time you call customer service you will know who you are public lecture to and hopefully will become more patient and understanding where our calls are coming from

Cost of Ambition in Macbeth Essay

Human society burdens itself with generating organizational systems of regularize to distinguish groups of people. Ambition the quest for force play is a foremost drive insert in the human spirit that motives men to better themselves. This quest is seen in Shakespeares tragic play Macbeth with the titular roughage who strives to achieve and maintain ultimate great agent. The fundamental aspect of Macbeth lies with the title eccentrics desire to both follow and change from his destiny. After hearing of his incoming impressiveness from the seemingly omnipotent Weird Sisters, Macbeth comes to bring in the latent ambition trapped deep down him (Act 1, Scene III).This initial realization of probable unbars him from his prior self (a life of both honor and prestige) to transcend his well-established morals. Macbeth yearns for power oer his country and everywhere his fellow man, ambitions that deuce-ace him down a dark and blooming(a) path. Shakespeare uses this fall fro m good graces to demonstrate to readers the terms of existence overambitious. Prophecy foretold of Macbeths future rule as king and alluded to his ultimate fate with a meat of warning.However, in contrast of the warning to be wary, it was likewise said that no man born(p) of a woman as either man is held decisive power over Macbeth (Act 4, Scene I). This bold statement lends greatly to the expansion of Macbeths irrationality during his later(prenominal) tirades. His overly ambitious quest for power motivates him to prematurely end the life of the menstruation king, an act he has no engage to execute, for had the fortune telling of his kingship really been true, hed leave been crowned sooner or later, but his lust for power blinds him to this fact (Act 1, Scene V).Given his reputation as a war hero, no(prenominal) overpower the treachery of suspecting Macbeth of committing such a crime, specially when the cover-up was so well planned. For this reason, Macbeth could change state behind the scenes, plotting his takeover of the country and none would dare suspect malicious intentions from him. In this way, his ambition was unchecked. As mentioned, Macbeth entirely disregards the prophecy warning that certain dangers threaten his successfulness as king. He does this non cod to a lack of superstition he clearly believes in the Weird Sisters linguistic process of praise and success.He does so because he holds the premonition of fortune on higher(prenominal) grounds that that of misfortune. Thus, that men are blind by ambition is another message Shakespeare hoped to convey. The very same ambition rather, the terror of losing the product of that ambition led Macbeth to gainsay the same prophecy that granted him the throne. He sought victory over all, took up arms against fate, and marched towards an undefeatable destiny by slaughtering some(prenominal) kinsmen with a possibility of stealing the throne away from him (Act 3, Scene I).These re peated ventures into purposeless manslaughter lead him further down a destructive path laid pop for him by his desire for power. The desire corrupts him, and greater forces rise in opposition. Shakespeares compelling storytelling shines here as Macbeths compulsion with power is met by the force of balance. Macbeth oversteps his move to prematurely attain a gross already in his possession as a reaction, the righteous force of Macduff, a man seeking only the scoop for the country, rose to oppose him.Herein we light upon the most important of messages ambition cancel of righteousness leads nowhere. Macduff also sought power, power over those who would bring forth the expiry of his beloved country. Ina conflict between both opposing power-seekers, as Shakespeare makes evident by the death of Macbeth by the hands of Macduff, the more than righteous force is destined to live (Act V, Scene VII). Macbeth suffered from a devastating inner(a) conflict coming to terms with the c onceit that one lived with strength to usurp his power. sleeveless with pride, he denied that any such being existed and thus became further susceptible to Macduffs greater strength. Shakespeare conveys how the quest for power is a truly crippling experience when interpreted outside the bounds of rational thought. His character Macbeth actively seeks what is owed to by by the portrayal of time and ultimately pays the price for his misjudgment. Had Macbeth rationalized the situations presented to him by the Weird Sisters, hed have taken their words as the prophecy of a reward for his national pride, not as instruments of corruption.