Steam Turbines :: essays research papers

go Turbines     The invention of the water turbine was so successful that eventually,the idea came about for extracting causation from travel. Steam has one greatadvantage over water-it expands in intensity with tremendous velocity. To be themost effective, a steam turbine must deport at a very high speed. No wheel makecan revolve at any speed approaching the velocity that a steam turbine can. Byutilizing the kinetic energy of steam flow, the turbine could reach a higherefficiency. As a result, the steam turbine has supplanted the reciprocatingengine as a prime mover in great electricity-generating plants and is also useas a means of jet propulsion.     The action of the steam turbine is ground on the thermodynamic principlethat when a vapor is allowed to expand, its temperature drops. In turn, its ingrained energy is decreased. This reduction in internal energy is transformedinto automatic energy in the form of an acceleration of th e particles of vapor.The transformation that occurs, provides a large amount of available work energy.     The essential parts of all steam turbines consist of nozzles or jetsthrough which the steam can flow and expand. Thus, the temperature drops, andkinetic energy is gained. In addition, there are blades, on which high embracesteam is exerted. Stationary blades shift the steam onto rotating blades, whichprovide power. Also, turbines are furnish with wheels or drums where theblades are mounted. A shaft for these wheels or drums is also a basic component,as well as an outer casing that restrain the steam to the area of the turbineproper. In order to efficiently use this contraption, it is required to open anumber of stages. In each of these stages, a pocket-size amount of thermal energy isconverted to kinetic energy. If the entire renascence of energy took place atonce, the rotative speed of the turbine wheel would be personal manner too excessive. &n bsp   Steam turbines are really quite simple machines, that have only onemajor moving part, the rotor. However, auxiliary equipment is necessary fortheir operation. journal bearings support the shaft, and an oil musical arrangement provideslubrication to these bearings. A special seal system prevents steam from